As housing availability and affordability continues to be a pressing issue in many communities, policymakers and homeowners are exploring solutions such as Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs). ADUs are self-contained living spaces that are “accessory” to the principal dwelling, whether it’s a basement, upper floor, attached addition, or detached structure. New legislation now permits ADUs in single-detached zoning, both within the principal dwelling and as detached units. In the following article, we outline an introduction to ADUs and some key considerations when exploring this housing option.

Policy Framework:

Provincial Policy Bill 89 and 23, provide the policy framework for ADU implementation. Single-detached homes can now incorporate both attached and detached ADUs without the need for additional approvals. Local official plans and zoning regulations guide the implementation and regulations surrounding ADUs and this varies by municipality.

Affordability & Access:

ADUs offer a range of benefits, particularly in terms of affordability and accessibility. They provide more affordable housing options, enabling individuals and families to access housing that meets their needs. ADUs can also be delivered relatively quickly, helping to address the pressing demand for housing in a timely manner. Homeowners also benefit from ADUs, as they can generate additional value and income to offset their mortgages. By utilizing existing building stock and services, ADUs make efficient use of resources and infrastructure. This approach not only increases housing supply but also improves municipal tax revenue at minimal costs.

Social & Environmental Impact:

ADUs can have positive social and environmental impact. They provide potential housing options for family members, such as adult children or parents, allowing for closer connections and support networks. Through shared amenity spaces, ADUs help to promote social interactions within communities. They also provide age-in-place options, allowing older adults to live independently while staying close to their families. Additionally, ADUs contribute to incremental infill development, reducing the pressure on greenfields and urban boundary expansion. This approach helps to preserve natural spaces and promote sustainable urban growth.

Obstacles:

While ADUs have numerous benefits, they can face certain obstacles to implementation. Obtaining variances and going through public processes may be required, and opposition from NIMBY (Not In My Backyard) groups can arise. Costs associated with approvals and permits can also be a challenge. Construction or renovation costs for ADUs are typically above $100,000, and therefore require financial investment. On-site parking requirements can limit opportunities or increase costs, particularly in areas with limited parking availability. There is also concern for privacy and enjoyment of amenity space.

Solutions:

To overcome these obstacles, several solutions can be implemented. One approach is to remove on-site parking requirements for ADUs, acknowledging that not all residents require dedicated parking spaces. Instead, an on-street permit system for ADUs could be established, taking advantage of underused street infrastructure at no additional cost. This system could generate revenue for municipalities and even contribute to reducing traffic speeds on residential roads. Issues around privacy and amenity space access can be address through thoughtful urban design, an area of expertise in which Better Neighbourhoods has extensive experience. 

Conclusion:

Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) have emerged as a viable solution to address housing affordability, provide housing options for extended families, and promote sustainable urban development. By embracing ADUs and implementing supportive policies, communities can unlock the full potential of these units. With careful consideration of regulations and innovative approaches, ADUs can become an integral part of the housing landscape, fostering inclusive and thriving communities for years to come.